Somatic embryogenesis regulating shoot regeneration efficiency of Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

Abstract

The present study was conducted to estimate the specific potential of regenerated date palm by somatic embryogenesis of tissue culture technique. Collectively total of thirty rooted offshoots were cultured on basal medium complemented with composition of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mg / L of BA and Kinetin. The interpretations on the existence time interval, days reserved to start shoot initiation, total shoots number and shoots length were noted. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) culture redeveloped on MS basal medium without the addition of BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and kinetin (Kin) exhibited a significantly lower survival rate (72.50% P < 0.05) and no shoot formation was noticed throughout the experimental duration. The highest concentration (4.0 mg/L) resulted in the shortest time for shoot initiation (17.50 days), whereas lower concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L) exhibited extended durations (23.50 and 24.20 days, respectively). The maximum number of shoots per explant (5.36) was achieved with 4.0 mg/L BA + Kin, while the concentration of 2.0 mg/L produced an optimal number of shoots (3.30). This study highlights the significance of optimizing BA and Kin concentrations to enhance somatic embryogenesis shoot regeneration efficiency in date palm through tissue culture techniques.